The Current Phase of Hungarian–Chinese Bilateral Ties: Gates, Bridgeheads, Bastions

Abstract

The brief study describes and examines the development of Hungarian–Chinese bilateral relations over the past decade, in connection with the "Eastern Opening" strategy, with particular attention to merchandise trade and foreign policy/economic aspects. It points out that in the period after 2010, the relationship system, built on historically stable foundations, has reached a new, higher level: Hungary consciously positions itself as China's European foothold, while the volume of bilateral merchandise trade is increasing and its structure is diversifying; at the same time, the trade balance tilts asymmetrically in favour of China. The author emphasizes that Chinese investments and financing sources amid the limited European Union funds simultaneously represent growth opportunities and financial-technological dependence, which generate foreign policy tensions in the EU and NATO context.